Most product tours show a mockup.
These are the real screens
Eight areas in the left-hand menu, three of them shown here in full: what your team types,
what comes back, where the files live and who is allowed to reach them. The figures are not
placeholders. Every one of them is from an install that is in use.
I can't draw a detailed comparison between July and June from the accessible files: they contain attendance data only, not the context needed for a meaningful comparison.
What the attendance data does show [1][2][3][4][5][6]:
Structure:
June 2026: codes “L” (present), “CO” (leave), “CM” (medical)
July 2026: same code structure
Limitations. The files contain nothing on workload, productivity, specific projects, deliverables or other performance metrics.
To compare the two months properly you'd need activity reports or performance data, which aren't in the current files. Which aspect would you like me to compare?
Sources
Attendance_June_2026.xlsx3 cited passages
Attendance_July_2026.xlsx3 cited passages
Copy 6.3 s · 11,591 tokens
Ask a follow-up…
All groups Deep reasoning Internet
Chat history
Search conversations…
Today
Payroll statements for July
Compare attendance, June vs July
What's in the supplier contract?
Which invoices came in July?
2 days ago
Onboarding brief for the new hire
A real answer, including the part most demos hide: the model saying the files can't support the
question, and naming what's missing.
Chat
The answer is the easy part. The page underneath it is the point.
01Inline citations Numbered against the sentence they support, so you can tell which claim rests on which passage.
02Sources, with passage counts Each file lists how many passages were used, and expands to show them.
03Scope the question “All groups”, or narrow it to a specific access group before you ask.
04Deep reasoning & Internet Two toggles you control per question. Internet is off unless you turn it on.
05Cost and speed, per answer 6.3 s and 11,591 tokens, recorded on the response itself.
06History that survives the week Threads stay searchable days later, as with “2 days ago” in the panel on the right.
VVictorowner
KnowledgeNew chat ⌘N
Files
Upload documents and scans for AI search, then control who can access them.
Filters Upload files
Folders
All files281
Engineering32
Finance65
HR31
IT Security0
Legal30
Management32
Marketing30
Programming0
Sales31
Support30
All files 10 items
Name
Access
Author
Size
Engineering
Engineering
admin
32 items
Finance
Finance
admin
27 items
HR
HR
admin
31 items
IT Security
ProgrammingIT Security
admin
0 items
Legal
Legal
admin
30 items
Management
Management
admin
32 items
Marketing
Marketing
admin
30 items
Programming
Programming
admin
0 items
Sales
MarketingFinance
admin
31 items
Support
Support
admin
30 items
Knowledge
A library where the rules arrive with the folder.
01281 files, 10 folders Folder counts on the left, contents on the right, and a breadcrumb that tells you where you are.
02Access is a property of the folder Engineering files answer to Engineering. Sales answers to Marketing and Finance both.
03Scans are first-class “Upload documents and scans for AI search”, so paper that was never searchable can be questioned.
04Search descriptions and tags Filenames alone stop working once a library gets large, so descriptions and tags are searchable too.
Access groups
Files belong to groups. People belong to groups. Answers respect both.
01Two groups exist from the start No access and Full access, so a new account is never accidentally over-privileged.
02Nine custom groups here Engineering, Finance, HR, IT Security, Legal, Management, Marketing, Programming, Support.
03Files and users counted per group Full access sees 281 files; Engineering sees 32. The number is the blast radius.
04Editing is separate from seeing “2 · 2 can edit”. Being in a group does not automatically mean being able to change what is in it.
VVictorowner
Access groupsNew chat ⌘N
Access groups
Organize users into reusable groups, then grant those groups access to files.
11 Total groupsincluding default groups9 Custom groupscan be tailored to a team1 Assigned usershave direct group access
All groups 11 groups · 1 assigned user
Search groups or users Create group
Group
Users
Files
No access DefaultNo access to files or workspace content.
No users
0
Full access DefaultFull access to every file and workspace feature.
2 · 2 can edit
281
EngineeringEngineering files
1 · 1 can edit
32
FinanceFiles for the fictional test business
No users
96
HRhr files for fictional business
No users
31
IT Securitysecurity files
1 · 1 can edit
0
LegalLegal files
No users
30
ManagementManagement files
No users
32
MarketingMarketing files
No users
61
Programming
No users
0
Supportexternal support files
No users
30
Straight answers
What it does, and where it stops.
Running it in your own infrastructure, not a vendor's, is what makes it permissible. The nine questions below
are what makes it useful, including the one about what happens when it does not know.
What files can it read?
PDFs, Word documents, spreadsheets, and scans or photographed pages that were never digital text to begin with. Spreadsheets keep their rows and columns, so a figure stays attached to the column it belonged to. That is what lets a citation land on the right cell rather than somewhere in the right file.
Can it do calculations?
It reads spreadsheets and can compare, aggregate and summarise what is in them, and it cites the rows it used so the arithmetic is checkable. It is not a replacement for your finance system: where a number has to be authoritative, it shows you the source so a human confirms it.
Does it have internet access?
Only when you switch it on. There is an Internet toggle on every question, off by default. Your documents never go out through it. It only lets an answer reach outside when you decide a question warrants it.
What happens when it doesn't know?
It says so, and says why. The chat screen at the top of this page shows the product declining to compare two months, because those files hold attendance codes and nothing about workload or output. It then lists exactly what data would be needed. A tool that answers everything is a tool you end up double-checking every time.
What language does it answer in?
The one you asked in. Ask in Romanian and the answer comes back in Romanian, cited to documents written in whatever language they happen to be written in.
Can I integrate it with what we already run?
Yes. Integrations and Plugins are built into the app. Google Drive, email and shared mailboxes, OneDrive and SharePoint, databases and internal APIs are standard. CRM, ERP and in-house tools connect through plugins, built as scoped projects: you pick which, we build it, read-only by default.
How do I manage it? Is there a dashboard?
Four admin areas in the same app: Users (accounts and roles), Access groups (who reaches which files), Configurations (model and behaviour), and Usage, which shows consumption per person and per team. Every answer records its response time and token count, so the bill is a number you look up rather than one that arrives.
Can it produce files?
Yes, and it exports them. Ask for a comparison, a roll-up of findings or a briefing and you get a finished document out as PDF, Word or Excel, assembled from your own material rather than written from a blank page. Ask for a chart and it draws one from the figures it just cited; the visual travels with the file.
Who can see what?
You decide, down to the passage. Groups carry file access; users carry groups. Two people can ask an identical question and get different answers, and the passages one of them isn't entitled to are never retrieved at all. How access is enforced.
How it works
Four stages, and we can tell you where each one runs.
Parsing, OCR, the index, lexical search and the access rules run as containers on your own
deployment. The one step that calls a model goes to the model running in your own
infrastructure: AWS Bedrock in your own account, Ollama on your servers, or wherever else you
choose to serve it. No third-party AI vendor sees your documents, and nothing that comes out
is unattributed.
01
Ingestion & indexing
Files are parsed, split into passages and indexed on your own deployment, with page and passage positions kept. Every passage is stored with the IDs of the groups allowed to read it.
02
Passage-level access control
Every question carries the asker's groups, and the filter runs inside the search itself, before anything reaches the model. A second check after retrieval drops any mismatch and logs it. How it is enforced.
03
AI answer engine
A model running where you choose: AWS Bedrock in your own account, Ollama on your own servers, or any other infrastructure that serves it. Your content is never used for training. Wherever it runs, it answers only from passages the asker may see, and says so when the answer is not in your documents.
From your files to a finished answer, all of it inside your own infrastructure.
Your infrastructure · your EU region
Your data sources
Supplier_MSA_2024.pdf
Framework_Agreement.pdf
ERP · supplier master
Drive · /procurement
Platform core
Ingestion & indexing
Passage-level access control
PermittedRestricted
What you get back
Cited answer
60 days' written notice, per Section 4.2, except framework suppliers (90 days).
Supplier_MSA_2024.pdf · p. 12
Comparison
Contract
Notice
Master Services
60 days
Framework
90 days
2 documents · 4 passages
Report
Supplier notice periods, Q3 review.
11 citations · exported .docx
Every line traces back to a page you can open
Supplier_MSA_2024.pdf · p. 12 “…sixty (60) days' written notice…”
Framework_Agreement.pdf · p. 4 “…ninety (90) days for framework…”
Supplier_MSA_2024.pdf · p. 27 “…rebate of 2% above €500,000…”
Storage, search and the model call all stay inside this line
Never used for model training · never sent to a third-party AI vendor
Stage
How it gets used
Set up once. After that, the team just asks.
Day one · the administrator
01
Upload. Drag in the folders you already have, including scans that were never searchable. The install shown here holds 281 files.
02
Create groups. Engineering, Finance, HR, Legal, IT Security, Support. Two exist already: No access and Full access.
03
Attach files to groups. A folder can answer to more than one group. Sales files here sit under both Marketing and Finance.
04
Add people. Assign each account its groups. Tudor gets Engineering and IT Security; he will never see the other 249 files.
Every day after · everybody else
01
Type the question the way you'd ask a colleague. Narrow it to specific groups if you want, or leave it on All groups.
02
Read the answer with numbered citations inline, and the source files listed underneath with the count of passages used.
03
Open the source if it matters. Expand a file and you get the cited passages themselves, not a page reference to go hunting with.
04
Keep going. Follow-ups stay in the thread, and the thread stays in your history, searchable days later.
And here is what never happens in that sequence
No third-party AI vendor
The model runs in your own infrastructure, on Bedrock, Ollama or another host you choose. Nothing is forwarded to a consumer AI tool.
No training on your content
On Bedrock the passages are not retained or trained on; on your own servers they never leave them. Your documents do not become training data, for us or anyone else.
No document store elsewhere
The index, all document text and the originals stay on your deployment. The model receives only the passages an answer needs.
No uncited claim
If it can't be traced to a passage, it doesn't get presented as fact.
Where it installs and the three rollout steps are on Deployment.
How the boundary holds up under audit is on Security.
Retrieval
Where most of the engineering went. A good answer starts with the right passage.
Any model can write fluent prose. What decides whether it is right is what it was handed to
read. So before a model sees anything, each question is planned, searched two ways, filtered,
reranked and checked for gaps.
Illustrative example · one question, three requirements
The question
“What does alarm E-217 mean on the chiller, how do I reset it, and who approved the last firmware change?”
Search · semantic phrasing, plus “E-217” matched literally
Rerank · 3 passages clear the threshold
Covered
Requirement 02
How to reset it
Search · reset procedure, same filters
Rerank · two procedures, for two chiller models
Needs clarification
Requirement 03
Who approved the firmware change
Search · approvals, change records
Rerank · nothing clears the threshold
Missing from your documents
The answer explains E-217 with citations, asks which chiller model before giving a reset procedure, and states plainly that no document records the firmware approval.
Five mechanisms, one job: hand the model the right passages.
Hybrid search that searches two different texts
Dense semantic search, multilingual, runs beside BM25 lexical search, and the two are fused with reciprocal rank fusion. The semantic half gets the conceptual phrasing; the lexical half gets the same query with the exact identifiers added. An error code or a part number is not “understood”. It has to match literally.
Query planning, not query rewriting
Each message becomes a typed plan: intent, language, the separate factual requirements and any format constraints. Every requirement gets its own search and its own reranking, so a compound question gets every part answered, not just the first.
Metadata filtering
Searches narrow by access group, source type, document and page range. The group filter runs inside each search, before results are fused, so the model never sees a passage the user isn't allowed to read. How access is enforced.
Reranking with a relevance threshold
A dedicated cross-encoder rescores the candidates for each requirement. If nothing clears the threshold, you are told that it isn't in your documents, instead of being handed the closest wrong passage.
A coverage ledger
Every requirement is marked covered, missing from the documentation or needs clarification, and the model is instructed to declare the gaps in its answer. A missing part is named, not quietly skipped.
Accuracy & citations
Every claim points at its page. And a straight account of what we measure.
A citation you can open is worth more than a promise of accuracy. So the product shows its
sources down to the fragment, is built so that gaps get declared rather than filled, and we tell
you exactly which parts of its quality we measure today.
A cited claim
Alarm E-217 is a condenser high-pressure trip, raised when discharge pressure exceeds the set limit.
“…E-217: condenser high-pressure trip. Unit stops; manual reset required…”
Illustrative example.
01Claim to fragment Each claim links to the document, section and page, plus the exact fragment that supports it. Not the whole chunk.
02Scanned pages included Page numbers are real provenance from parsing, including documents that were read with OCR.
03Sources travel with the file In a generated PDF or Word document, the references become a Sources section.
04“Where exactly does it say that?” Literal search tools return offsets in the indexed text, not an approximate match.
Hallucination is handled in the architecture, not in a disclaimer
A relevance threshold
It prefers “that isn't in your documents” to building an answer on a weak passage.
A coverage ledger
Gaps are declared per requirement, so a missing part can't be papered over.
Deduplication
One passage can't appear as two sources confirming each other.
An optional verifier
Before delivery, it audits the answer sentence by sentence and removes what isn't supported.
Each claim gets one verifier label:SupportedInferenceExample onlyContradictedUnsupported
Measurement
What we measure, and what we don't yet.
In use, we see far fewer hallucinations than from the same model used on its own. That is an
observation, not a measurement, so it carries no number here.
Measured today
Retrieval quality, as a gate
Recall and MRR against a hand-labelled set. Thresholds block any retrieval change that makes them worse.
Latency, stage by stage
Time spent in planning, embedding, retrieval, reranking and generation, plus time to first token and tokens per second.
Behaviour under load
Load tests with p50 to p99 percentiles, and the cost of each request.
Not measured yet
Automated answer scoring
No automated scoring yet for groundedness, answer relevance or hallucination rate.
A larger evaluation set
The labelled set is small today, and we say so.
Next on the roadmap
Both are the next priority. Until they exist, we don't quote an accuracy figure.
Architecture
Built to change providers. It already runs on more than one.
The platform has run entirely on self-hosted models, with generation, embeddings and
reranking all local, and on AWS Bedrock, without losing a feature. Here is how modular each
layer is, including the one that isn't.
Generation model
Fully abstracted behind a neutral internal contract. Bedrock and Ollama are adapters; the tools never see the provider.
Swap the adapter (3 of 3)
No reindexing
Tools
Excel formulas, document generation, charts and web page reading are ours, described in standard JSON Schema.
Model-independent (3 of 3)
Nothing to change
Embeddings & reranking
Swappable by editing a module, not through a plug-in.
Edit a module (2 of 3)
A new embedding model means re-indexing the corpus
Vector store
Qdrant, used directly for hybrid search, RRF fusion and payload filtering. The most coupled layer.
A real refactor (1 of 3)
Not a configuration change
Your cloud: AWS Bedrock, in your own account
Inference runs in your own account and region. Bedrock does not retain what it is sent or train on it, and no third-party AI vendor sees your documents.
Your servers, or anywhere else: Ollama and other hosts
Run the model on your own servers with Ollama, or on any other infrastructure that can serve the model you pick, and nothing leaves at all. We configure it with you during deployment.
Features
The eight features your IT team will ask about.
Reading documents properly, controlling what each account spends, deciding who sees what,
proving who is asking, pulling from every system you already run, keeping the library current,
and choosing the model yourself. In the app, most of them live under Knowledge, Access groups,
Configurations, Usage, Integrations and Plugins.
Most of what an organisation knows is locked in scans, photographed pages, signed PDFs and
spreadsheets exported to print. Plain text extraction gives you a wall of characters with no
idea which number belonged to which column.
Provbl reads headings, tables, columns, stamps, signatures and handwriting rather than
bare characters, so a passage keeps the meaning it had on the page. That is what
makes a citation land on the right paragraph instead of somewhere on the right document.
Scans and photographed pages
Tables kept as tables
Handwriting, stamps and signatures
Page and passage positions preserved
Spreadsheets keep rows and columns
Figures can be charted straight from the citation
Reading a scanned page
§ 4.2 TERMINATION
notice_period = 60 days | framework = 90 days
signed_by = "M. Ionescu" (handwritten)
Token budgets · this month
A. Petrov38%
Legal team62%
M. Dubois80%
Cap reached · asks pausedAdmin can raise
02 · Cost control
Cost control over tokens, per account
Internal AI usually fails its second budget review, not its first. One team discovers the
tool, starts running everything through it, and the invoice arrives with no way to tell who
spent what, and no way to stop it happening again.
Every account and every group carries its own token budget. You see consumption per person
and per team, set caps, and decide what happens when one is reached: pause, warn, or let an
administrator raise it, so the invoice is something you look up rather than something that arrives.
Per-user and per-group caps
Live consumption, no month-end guessing
Alerts before a limit lands
Chargeback figures per department
Tokens and response time recorded on every answer
03 · Permissions
Permissions at group and tagging level
Tag once, control everywhere. Documents and passages carry tags such as commercial,
patient data, board only or site 4, and access rules are written
against those tags and your user groups, not against folder trees that drift the moment
somebody reorganises a drive.
Because the rule sits on the passage, the same document serves everyone: each reader gets
the parts their group is entitled to, and the restricted parts are never retrieved at all.
Knowledge is never in one place. It's in Drive, in OneDrive and SharePoint, in the shared
mailbox nobody has cleaned out since 2019, and in the database behind an internal tool.
Provbl connects to them where they are.
Connected sources stay in sync, so the index reflects what your teams work from day to
day. Every connector runs on your own deployment, under the same access rules as
everything else.
Google Drive
Email and shared mailboxes
Microsoft OneDrive & SharePoint
Databases and internal APIs
05 · Custom connectors
Custom integration for your CRM, ERP and internal tools
The systems that matter most are usually the ones nobody else integrates with: the ERP
that was configured for you in 2014, the CRM with fourteen custom objects, the internal
tool one person maintains.
You choose which of them to connect, and we build the connector as a scoped project.
It is specified and agreed before any work starts, with the access boundary written in. No
migration, no replacement: your systems keep running exactly as they do today.
CRM, ERP, ticketing, PLM, custom tools
Scoped and specified up front
Read-only by default
Runs on your own deployment
Scoped connector · built for your system
Your ERP
Connector
Read-onlyScope agreed up front
Model configuration
AWS Bedrock · your own account
Ollama · your own servers
Answer length & retrieval depth
Your infrastructureNo training
06 · Model configuration
Configure the AI model yourself
The model sits behind a neutral internal contract, so it is a choice, not a lock-in. Run it
on AWS Bedrock in your own account, on Ollama on your own servers, or on any other
infrastructure that can serve the model you pick. Your content is never used for training,
and no third-party AI vendor sees your documents. Different departments can run different models against the
same index.
The newest frontier models are available too, but some of them require the provider to
retain prompts and outputs for up to 30 days for safety review. That configuration is off
by default and enabled only with your written sign-off, and whichever you choose is
written into a
one-page data-flow record for your DPO.
Where the model runs is your call, and we configure it with you during deployment. It is
not theoretical: the platform has run fully self-hosted and on Bedrock without losing a
feature. Retrieval depth, answer length
and behaviour are yours to tune. When a better generation model ships, you switch to it
without reindexing; changing the embedding model does re-index the corpus.
What swaps easily, and what doesn't.
Your cloud: AWS Bedrock in your own account
Your servers: Ollama or other self-hosted models
Per-department model choice
Generation model swaps without reindexing
Internet access as a per-question toggle, off by default
Configured in-app, under Configurations
07 · Access security
Custom two-factor protection
Passage-level rules only mean something if the person behind the account is who they claim
to be. Provbl adds a second factor at sign-in, configured the way your organisation
works rather than the way a vendor decided.
Choose which factor to use, which groups must use it, and how often it is re-checked. You
can make it stricter for the roles that reach commercial, clinical or board-level passages
and lighter for everyone else. It sits alongside your single sign-on rather than in front
of it.
Per-group enforcement rules
Step-up checks for sensitive passages
Works with your existing SSO
Runs on your own deployment
Signing in · two factors
Single sign-on · your identity provider
Second factor · required for this group
419072
Verified · access at their level
Document manager · bulk actions
supplier
3 selected · apply #commercial
Supplier_MSA_2024.pdf#commercialv6v7 · current
Framework_Agreement.pdf#commercialv2v3 · current
Supplier_Rebates_Annex.docx#commercialv1v2 · current
Older versions retired, not deleted
08 · Knowledge management
A knowledge and document manager built in
An AI assistant is only as current as the library behind it. Provbl ships with a full
document manager, so the library is maintained inside the same app that answers from it,
rather than in a spreadsheet somebody keeps alongside.
Upload, organise, tag in bulk, publish a new version and retire the old one. A retired
version drops out of answers the moment it is superseded, so nobody gets last year's
procedure quoted back at them with a confident citation.
Versioning with a current-version rule
Bulk tagging and reclassification
Coverage gaps and stale documents surfaced
Nothing to migrate; it sits beside your systems
Capabilities
Fifty-four things it can do, grouped by the job they do.
54 capabilities · 6 groups
None of these change when the industry does. A hospital and a contractor get the same
platform; what differs is which documents go into it and which words come back out.
See it across the industries.
Ask & answer
13
Plain-language questions
Cited answers, down to the passage
Answers at the asker's level
Compare two documents
Roll up a period
Produce a finished document (PDF, Word, Excel)
Answer from the version in force
Carry institutional memory
Scope a question to a group
Say when it can't, and why
Answer in the asker's language
Searchable history
Draw the chart from cited figures
Access & security
9
Passage-level access control
Rules applied at ingestion
Audit log: who asked what, from which passages
Group and tag-level permissions
Permissions enforced inside the search itself
Single sign-on
Custom two-factor protection
Traceable by design, for the EU AI Act
No third-party AI vendor, no training on your data
Read & understand
7
Advanced OCR
Structure preserved: headings, tables, columns
Stamps, signatures and handwriting
Passage-aware parsing
OCR and parsing on your own deployment
Spreadsheets as spreadsheets
Compare and aggregate, with rows cited
Knowledge management
5
Full document manager
Versioning with a current-version rule
Bulk tagging
Reclassification in bulk
Coverage gaps and stale documents surfaced
Connect your sources
8
Documents & file storage
Google Drive
Email & shared mailboxes
Microsoft OneDrive & SharePoint
Databases & internal APIs
Custom CRM / ERP connectors, read-only by default
Sits beside what you have, nothing migrated
Plugins
Run it your way
12
Your cloud: AWS Bedrock in your own account and region
Your servers: Ollama or any infrastructure that serves the model
Frontier models as a written opt-in
One-page data-flow record for your DPO
Perpetual licence, source code delivered
Per-department model choice
Generation model swaps without reindexing
Token caps, alerts and chargeback per account
Deployed where you decide: AWS, Azure, Google Cloud or on-premise
Live in under five days
Internet access, on a switch, off by default
Usage and administration in one app
Use cases
Six kinds of finished work your team stops doing by hand.
The same question box that returns a one-line answer will also compare two contracts, pull a
year of findings into one list, or produce a document you can send out. Every output carries
the documents and pages it was built from.
Ask
A question, answered from the current version
The everyday case: someone needs a number, a clause or a rule, and needs to know it's the
version in force today rather than the copy from two years ago.
"What notice period applies to our supplier contracts?"
60 days' written notice, per Section 4.2 of the Master Services Agreement, except framework suppliers (90 days).
Supplier_MSA_2024.pdf · p. 12 · v7 · current
Compare
Two contracts, side by side
Put two agreements next to each other and get back the differences that matter: terms,
notice periods, liability caps, rebates. Ask for a chart of the numbers and it draws that
too.
Term
Master services
Framework
Notice period
60 days
90 days
Rebate
2% above €500k
None
Auto-renewal
12 months
24 months
2 documents · 6 passages cited
Roll up
A year of findings, in one list
Audit prep normally starts from an empty page and three weeks of reading. Here it starts
from a list assembled out of the reports you already have, each line pointing at its source.
Hand-hygiene training records incompletep. 8
Post-op discharge procedure revision missingp. 8
Supplier qualification records out of datep. 14
Draft
A document ready to send
Export the result as PDF, Word or Excel: a review, a summary for a regulator, a briefing
for a board, assembled from your own files rather than written from scratch.
The new hire stops waiting for the one colleague who knows
Most organisations have one person who knows how things really work. When they retire or
leave, six months of institutional knowledge goes with them. A new starter can question
the library instead, and get the current answer with its source.
Answer clients
Tender and questionnaire responses, sourced
Security questionnaires, tender responses and RFI packs are mostly re-answering things your
organisation has already answered somewhere. Pull those answers out of past submissions and
policies, each one traceable to the document it came from.
Real questions from a real install
What people ask it on an ordinary day.
“Compare attendance, June versus July.”
Two spreadsheets, six cited passages, and an honest note that the files can't support a productivity comparison.
“Which invoices came in during July?”
The kind of question that otherwise means opening a folder and a finance system and reconciling by eye.
“Tell me about the contract.”
Answered from the version in force, with the clause quoted rather than paraphrased.
“Payroll statements for July.”
Visible to the roles entitled to payroll. To everybody else, the passages are not retrieved at all.